Swimming-pool construction



Man-ch 24, 1931. J. F. BooRAl-:M ET AL SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION lo sheets-sheet 1 Filed Sept. 20, 1929 Il Kaff, 417,0

March 24, 1991. F. SCOR/EM T AL `1,797,397

SWIMML'NCY POOL CONSTRUCTION Filed sept. 20, 1929 1o sheets-sheet 2 INVENTORS Mlmh 24, 1931- J. F. BooRAEM ET Al. l 1,797,397

SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 20, 1929 1o sheets-sheet 3 March 24, 1921.51. .1. F. BORAEM ET AL 1,797,397

K SWIMMI NG POOL CONSTRUCTION y# 5.9 fifi" 136m f |L .58 ,we/f ATTORNEY March 24, 1931. J. F. BOORAEM ET AL SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION File@` Sept. 20, 1929 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 lNVE-NTOR 5 March 24, 1931. J. FBOORAEM T AL 1,191,391

SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION Filed sept. 2o, 1929 1o sheets-sheet 6 .66E/" ATTORNEY March 24, 1931. J. F. QOORAEM E1' AL 1,797,397

y SWIMMING' POOL CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. l20, 1929 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 myn/Pr) IXILV IL March 24, 1931. J. F. BooRAEM ET AL SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION 'Filed Sept. 20, 1929 lO Sheets-Sheet 8 March 24, 1931. J. F. BooRAEM ETAL SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION Filed Sept. 20, 1929 10 Sheets-Sheet 9 "il .ZZ

s, W 5 r J. F. BOORAEM ET AL SWIMMING POOL CONSTRUCTION 10 sheets-sheet 1o Filed Sept. 20, 1929 March 24, l1931.

Patented Maf. 24,ji931 j e f f JOHNUFRANCILS isoonnnlyr, loro GREWIC,"'CQNNECTCUT; noERr-Moliissmglenn;- or ,NEWAnKjNEW Jnnsnfi; SAID SUTIHEN AssIGNoR 'To 'SAID' BOORAEM "Appneanon filed' september 2o, 1929. serian Nofa'azi.-

lThis inventionrelates :to l'swi'nifming pools andhas for an objectthe' yprovision of `an improved construction j ofthis4 character e ,5 oisimplicity,convenience, and offsanitati'on;

more .particularly .with 'respect fto "the constructionj` :and arrangement of.V the l life` rail coping', Y rcli-aina@ gutter and trench means, and'Waterprootingsystem;VK

Vr1 0 f 'The invention vis characterized,v as in'ipor- ,tant features thereoiiby a combinationlli'fe, ,1^all-gcopring and sitting ledge, Y defining theV brim portion oi the pool .and vproviding for pool surfaceyoverow transversely to, f drainl5 age: gntterj or` trench means,andi byt ai barrier which rises higher thanthe life" rai 4copi-ng along' theouter side Aof the gutter ortreneh l'mean's`-the arrangement, including as part of the sitting ledge adjacentK the *barriera per- 20 -'t'orated coverconrse fonflowingV` the overflow -,Waterintofthe:gutter4 or trench means, which coverr course is "disposedv f0r-ready1re1n'oval v .toprovide readyaccesstothefgutterortrenchL means 'for thcrough cleaning.l According to constructionthe Water line fof thelpool "can l be' lteptflush'with or Vclosely 'adjacent.to, .the

Y crest 'of the life rail'co'pi'nigsothatthe leathers fcan readily fand-l4 with ease from a swimming position jon thensurface 0f the Waterymove Cil ' joverftph'eliffe rail ontothe sitting lefclge, y 'By this"arrangement, the liferaijl and sitting' ledge course can readilybe lept :clean and it snormazllyis kept: clean byreason of the? transv verse' nverflbw .of-Water from thevpoolgj provid-ing theremovable Acover cours/e.,- the v trench gutter, irrespective of its depth, -isael-ingljv important, :trfit is'found that :With

JAthe .transverse overflovvgsystenisf now l use.

getter or into the removable perforated-cover course-intd the trench gutter therebelow. Vlthj` this -cessilole'.througheilt'for thorough cleaningby r SaKinop, bv, a yhoseor'byf steam. The "provision c Y Y y l i .signed ltoadnnt and the gfi'itteia trenches lor considerable portions them are practically inaccessible for cleaning purposes, so that linthe coursegof time they become ouland unsanitary.

` It is Within therp'rovinceof the ,ofstandardized units .of tiling or ,other siinilari,materia ly suitable VVfor the purpose" and capable of being mountedqandi assembled n y l present lin'- ventlon toprovlde .oonstrlictlon consistlng .uponconcrete orsimilar retainingW'a1ls,and-

further to v'provide a construction which will permita t ,satisfactory V.and Qdurable Waterufrther'object .of the presentinventiony `is thefprovision of-a construction 'Whichwill I readily admit offthe'-incorporation, when `de-Y l sited, ,of a separate, Y readily -cleaned, I trench gutter `forfthe floory surface water, which sefp lproofing ,of the concretek retaining Walls and", l of the drainageoutlets for thetrench gutter.`

laratetrenchtgutter maybe loca-tedalongthe` .enter side ot the lbarrier yand be `conveniently drainedl either into the` irst-'nalned v'trench Y "e drainage@ eutletsztherfor l v It is'y :further Withinftheprovince O-St'h'ey I vpresent 5 invention Y toV provide a form ofy construction f in which t the barrier may be cornbined with the trenchjgutter iin suchl manner that the@ side yWalls of thebarrier inay'coinprise extension'sfo'f theside Walls ofithe' gut-l ter -and kconstitute means forgsuppoi-tng' the removable cover course; `In carrying this .torni of construction into effect, the opposite;l side Wallsottlie barrierl are .providedwith spaced, apart V drainafre openings, rwhich are drainage fromv the floor into the gutter. V"With gutter. K f f ter: may bepjproduced in. tliefiformy yof agvsemipreferablyout of alii'ieinent, the drainage;-

openingsV on th,e,pool`side Vproviding;for the escape of! thef voverflow` Water., from the pool into fthe g gutter lWhile the ,drainage 'openings t 1 enftlie ,floor sidelfprovide'g vor the .escape .of

1L'` According to'anothervfeatnre oftheiin-7` 1 lprovenients, the covering for the trench guty 100 1 cylindrical element mounted for partial rotation,to permit the surface at one side of the gutter to be flushed and cleaned with out interfering'with the normal use of the surface at the opposite side of the gutter.

Other objects and aspects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

rIhe invention resides in. the V'improved swiignmingpool. construction and, in the Figure 2 represents af similar view, Ataken on'a Vline showing the fittings for draining the water from the gutters toVVV a drainage outlet, and also showing the drainage covers removedirom thegutters, along with a rep' fresentat'ion of means which maybe used Vfor cleaning the gutters; T Figure 3 represents in perspective al fragment-ary Yelevation and section, showing aconstruction witha single drainage gutter; Figure 4 represents va view similarto'Figture 3, but showingthe'drainage covers re. moifed from' the gutter andan illustration of meanswhereby toclean the gutter K *Figure 5 represents a fragmentary top plan view'ot the parts shown in'Figur 3; 'i

Figure 6 represents a View similar to Figure 5.` but showing the drainageV covers removed; j x f f vFigure 7 represents a vertical-section, taken on the line 7-'71`of Figure t; y

yFigure 8 Vrepresents a front elevational View, showing the lite rail c'opingandl barfrier cours-es as they appearvfhen looking trom the pool; f y Figure 9 representsa top plan view of the formA of construction shown Yin Figure 2;

Figure 10 represents a fragi'nentary vertica-l section al view,- showing a modification in the] inode of drainingA the wateriromfthe fioor gutter; .Y Figure 11:1epresentsin perspective `an elevation andy section 'showing arelative deep trench construction;

Figure 1-2 represents a-1vert1calsectional view taken on .the'line-12-12 of Figure 11; j Figure 13 represents a top plan view of a pool embodying-a"shallow gutter construction with a series of drainage outlets;

"Figure lllzrepresents a fragmentary perspective view,- more" or less diagrammatic in i character, showing the course "of water travel toi-mend relative arrangement. or arrange# j to the drainage outlet'sitor a shallow gutter; Figure 15 represents atop plan view of a pool` embodying a deep trench construction with a single bottom outlet;

Figure 16 represents a fragmentary perspective view, more or less diagrammatic in character, showing thecourse ot' water travel toa single bottom outlet for a deep trench construction; y i, Y

' Figure 17 represents a modified form of construction in whichY the barrier and trench gutter are combined, with the walls of the barrier provided with openings through which the waterpasses into the gutter;

Figure 18 represents an elevational view of the parts shown in Figure 17, looking outwardly from the pool; j Y

Figure 19 represents van elevation and section on the vline 19-19 of Figure 17 l Figure 2O represents'a top plan View' of the .parts shown in Figure'l;

Figure 21 represents a horizontal sectional view, taken Von the line 21--21 of Figure 17; Figure 22 represents a further modification showing the top of the barrier terminating 'somewhat below the surroundingsurtaces:

Figure 23 represents a top plan view of the parts shownin Figure 22; Y

Figure 211repres`ents still another modiiication showingthe covering for the trench gut- -ter producedin theform of a semi-cylindrical element; Y i Y Figure 25 represents, a `top the parts shown in Figure 24;

Figure 26 represents a fragmentary sectional View, showing the life rail Vmember Vmade with a finger grip; and

Figure `27 represents asimilar view, showing the brim-copingmember produced with a fingerv grip at a lpointbelowthe water level. 'Referring-withfmore particularity to the accompanying drawings, `and irst to Figs. 1 andv 2, wherein the'invention is disclosed as `carried into effect according to yone convenientmaimer,17` denotes a retaining wall for the poolfbuilt ofV concrete or'other similar material, this retaining wall extending'o't course plan View of all around the pool andv beingf'aced at theV water side by suitable lining or vfacing means f preferably comprising courses of brick which may (':onsistI-ot1 an outer .course of common brick 18and an inner course of"` enameled brick 19. y The retaining wall is Vconstructed or provided with inner and outer trench cavities 20 and 21, both'spaced romthefmargin of thepool as shownv andextending continuously in such'spaced relation-allaround the pool. f

Aperiphera-l .brim copingv course, herein disclosed as comprising lcombined life rail `and 'sitting .ledge units, extend all* around thepool, being mountedupon thel facing means and retainingwall, the numeral 22 denoting the' life rail part and the-numeral 23 the sittingv ledge part of such combined copllO fle

forineda Yvertically dependingpart 24. which rests pon the ven'aniel'edbrickcourse-119 and f is .''nited therewith by cementiti'ons 'or-r other kvviff;"suitablenfiateiial' a manner .Well knownin' the-a-rtl This-construction provides a boundary-'Wall for the Water l25 of thepool, comprisi i' ving the `enameled brick`19iandfthe Superf v posed*po'rtion`s`24` of'thecoping course,fso'that the Water level inaybe -ineintained at vorv closef ly adjacent the crest ofthe life rail 22 'to spill thereo'ver fandflo'w outwardly overthe sitting ledge fWhen the pool is in use'. i

.The sitting ledge fie herein repreeentedee" having ay vertically depending portion 26 and Ya horizontal portion 27',Whicrh portionsf-forin respectively 'the innerside iv-'all and base-of the trench glitter Constructed in` the trench 'cavity 20of1the retainingj'vvall. f

brini copingis' illiistrated 'asf one piece units 'composed,oftheip'arts 24, 22., 23, `2o`an`d 27,

it Wil-lfbe iinderstood thatin practice suchV coping 'nnitsinay be made 'up ofy separate 'parts 'constri1cted,fi1nited or connected in any suitable or'approvedinanner known inthe art-for assembling, uni-ting or connecting tile.Y

'Y The rear Wall portions 29'for the trench gutter 28 are herein represented as"` being' 'rise higher than 'the crest-'ofi' the life rail ,2.2 p so as to constitute an outerfbri'm for' 'theypool adapted to r direct 4the overflow splash xiiater into the trench gntter'28'. Said ba-'i'jrierV s nnitsSO areherein shownasf const'riicted'withV Wall portionsl', 32, and 33, fforinifngtleouter trench gutter 3 Within the trench'cavitv 21Y ef the feie'iningl Wen. Although/ener parts 29,V 3D, 31,82 andi/V33 are herein repreo sented as integral'stfrlieture,.itrvvillbeiinder- 'stood :that in praoticethey ,niay be produced of con'iponenttpartsl as desired,` assembled, connected, or `united L in any manner well knoWn'orapproved inthefart. L" s 5 According,to angilnliortant4 constructional vi'eaturefoi the invention,the coinbin'edli'fe 'iail22l and sitting ledge'''ff with accompany n ingl portions ,2% and' 26, are' `associated`` With the 'facing courses jl'8 vand19fa'ndWith vthe reo taining wall 17 so asy to lprovdefan enclosed pocketV 35, which "may" belfilledjvvith any suitfable illerniateri'a-l, yif desired, Abut which Ais preera-blyelnployed as air Sealinglmeans for preventing' seepage. of Water: to the e Inateri al Sfoftlie retaining ivallinamanneras wlllpres Y ently appear; According' to a characterlstio l i'eatlir'e. of the iinver'tlonflo'y 5vInaking v the pool 5 construction with` inner fa11df-'outer trench ."gutters spaced 'troni the margin pfftheipfoql, 0 ,with van oter biiin-A orbarrier-ris'ing between fthe trench vglitters -andgWith an innerj brim consisting of `"the life rail, novel'k farran'g'e- Y nient of parts isprovided Whichpermits posi# lzefeea adequatefweieepfeenegfef-icheyeftliini'n-g `wall ,Whek'r'rebyy to l prevent disintegraalVhile,Y in thepresent eeinpliirication, the.

made integral'vvith barrier vunits 30' which V'the 'inner trench gutter28. K'

een ef] theffeieining wen by eeepegeief Waters ,lhusgbyreferringto :Frgsfi and 2,: it will: be seentnatiby reasonrof thearrangfe in'entA of the constfuctional "features 'referred to',` 1L can ,provide "a 'Slayer ofjwaterproong I1materiel 36` over the: entire VsurfacesofithjeVV re'- tiling-yconstru'cti'on willfpositve'ly be .,prij vented ifrom .reaching the finateriallr of thef'reeA tainingwall; 'Upon referring t'oFigs. 1 and the pool, th'e' outer 'trench `structure 34,the-- terriers ucture-o, the inner trench Ystruc` itin' i 28,. andithence` entfelnfd'edl asa Waterproofg ing" lining upon ythe e `retaining wall, rthrough itlieV p ocke't 85 ,.gand f thence interposed between thelbri'ck cou-rse 18 andretainingitviill;vv The Y r'etainingwall isthus not exposedw'ithinthe pocket l85, bntlis n sealed therefrom byzther i Waterproo'fing36, so that iffwatersfhouldfseep through the 'cementitious'nions offth'e'tiliil'g Y ori-ofthe" ti ling qvith vthe facing brick 19,fsnch Vother` feature of 'advantage .involved 'in' this constrction is" that any'considerableseepage into'the/pocketibvvill resiiltinc'ompressing i the airA therein at'tfheftop'of the pocketand especialllykwithinthe pocket porti'onzSy there-r by providing an airse'al "adaptedeectusell'y to prevent any seepage alongside thjepart'sof Thev trench 'gutters `28'and I34e are of vfthe vtyp'efknovvnf as shallow: gutters ;l andfinporder efr.

lto'ta'le care v'offrapid vdischarge'ofthe water,

outlets.` Preferably an'dashown, each: out-A suitable vaperture .in the'fbase .'27a1'ifd screw- `it ie, expe-diene te provide .ineerveuyjepeeed iin-eeided-i'eie:the l heidk pip-e fieingee lwith which iisv connected a ksuitable oiitletpipe i 43 Alle'adiprint-to f a *sewer for? other 'suitable vf lnetvhod fordisposing of the 'overflow 'water'.fSaid isteniflilisofconrsezpassed thronghfthe vaten- I i c into the hardy pipe litt'ingl 42, said fitti/ng is Y drawn tovvard the base 20so thatfthefl'angefie i i ci the itting-jivillitiglitly colnpressthewaterproofinQ'and make 'zafnvater tight joint.

siiitable'openin'gs-inthe sidewalls:ofthebar-v i inner trench' "Qutter 28 'adjacent the bottom eutieieofihefein,fendiewiii-fbe:neteainafhie' 3 corineetionthatgthe bottomv ollitlet pipesa'sil,

eXteriorly loffthe Waterproofing i f 36. It may be remarked here that iny practice -it is` desirable and. convenient to provide tliefitrenclr gutters withabottom` outlet at each-spaced interval of twenty. feet. By so doingtherewillv be ample drainage capacity Y totalrecare of, rapid and voluminous overflow;v From -an inspection 'of the drawings, itwill be readily understood that the barrier structure 30,;n0t only' serves as an outer'brim -for the water of the pool, but also serves'as means for directing the drainage fromv the Asurface of the inclined floor'37 into the outer trench gutter 34. As previously intimated, the trench gutters are Continuous about the pool. The bases of these gutters, however,

preferably do not have longitudinal-inclination, the drainage to the bottom outlets being ac'complishedby meansv of insert pieces or tiling e6 set or otherwise arranged so as to slope towardthe interval bottom outlets.l *Inthis connection, by referring to Fig. 13, wherein there is illustratedby way of eX- ample a swimming poolin plan, the reference characters L: indicate the low points ofthe trench gutter where'the'bottom outlets are located,l while the'reference Characters H indicatev thev high vpoints lin the Vgutter from which the water drains tothe low points and henc'eto the bottom outlets.

In carrying the invention into effect, as disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2., the opposing side Walls of each of the trench gutters 2S and 34 are providedwith shoulders 47 forming seats for vsuitable removable drainage cover units '48.'- Asillustratedin 5,'these drainage covers may be formed with inwardly sloping top vportions 4800 provided with apertures 48.7)

or,-iff=desired, they may be'produced withV in'\\'"aid`ly sloping port-ions 48a@ which direct the' water into a central elongated slot 4852).' From an inspection" of Fig. 1, it will befunderstood" 'that the removable perforated v f'lrainage"covers for the trench gutter 28con- V'stituteineflect a continuation of the sitting ledge Lportion 28 ofthe coping Aunits.1 This affords af highly convenient and sanitary form of: construction, since upon the removal of the drainage covers, the trench gutters Vcan be thoroughly cleanedA byv means of a mop .as Villustratedv 'at-49(Fig. 2)v or by means of a hose as {iO-which may be employed as means for cleaning* by the medium vof water or steam. Y* The drainage covers, when positioned in theirseats, manifestly cover-'over the trench gutters so thatfthe bathers cannot step or fall 'into the latter and thereby injure themselves. YAn important advantage'of' the' pool construction herein described resides in the'fact that.. since the Water level isat or close to the crestof the life rail 22, theba'thers may easily and-.readilygfrom a swimming position upon theA surfaceofthe, water, advance-onto the l fs'itting ledge, wlierethey may either sitor stand4 asf they desire- In Figs.A 3 and 4, there iis,shownfafmodified form of'construction in rthe floor, directs .thewater into the inner, trench gutter whose construction 1s substanfv tially the same asfthat shown-infF-igs. 1 and 2. wWith this construction the waterprooling is, arranged as inthe previous instance over the entire outer surface of the retaining wall 17. The construction of the coping units,'inner trench 28 and'removable perforated drainage covers 48, and as well the location ofthe bottom outlets for the trench gutter 2S, :are all the same'pas hereinbeforedescribed.' In Fig. 10, there isillustrateda construction substantiallysimilar to that shownin Figs. 1 and 2, exceptthat in this instance each bottom outlet for theouter trenchy gutter-16 is connected with,y the corresponding line. pipe 43 ,through which the'water flows fromthe inner trench gutter. rlfhere is disclosed a sieve containing outlet head orthimble ehavi'ng -a stemV passing through the base of the outer trench gutter and as well through the waterproofing forithreaded;connection with the' flanged fitting 56 whereby,as inthe instance previously described, theV waterproolin'g is compressedrso as to effect a water tight oint.

Associated With the fitting- 56 :is a pip-e joint having `connection with a suitableT-'piece 58 incorporated in thepipe line 43. By this arrangement, the water-collected in the outer `trench gutter is drained .into the same pipe line which carries olffthe water from the inner trench gutter 28. Y f Y In Figs, 1112, 15 and 1G, there is disclosed a'construction in which the inner trenclrgutg ter Yis made in the formlof a deep trench gutter '59 havingample,capacity*toy provide fora continuous inclinationY of the insert `members 1 1 .fand 12)'froml a high point as Hf at one. end of the pool toa single low point illustrated at L at the opposite end. of the pool. `Located at the low point L. is a spillwayoutllet structure`61` Fig; 12) which leads to piping Ycommunicating with the sewer. The construction of the coping course.'A of the barrier or outer brun. 52 and of the perforated removable drainage covers 48is substantially -An advantage of this :deep trench, construction is thatit avoids Ythe cost and expense vof theintervally spaced bottom outlets, the one spillway outlet VK61 lsuticing to carry otlv the entire overflowjwater .from the pool and as wellthedrainage water fromtlie surface of-,the floor. In this ,form :of construction,

llO

lSO

, end 6.7,` are yformed with suitable inside the s'eatingshoulders, ,4.1

teetee?? Owing t0 the Pt'OVSiOnf et, the deep 'Heerdt f suitable cross nieiiibers 63 may be provided oif .formed in conjunetioii` with the sidey Walls of thedeep trench, for supporting the 4i'ein ov 'a.,b,l ef perforated drainagecovers L81 in "In the ,fp ifinoff eonstruetion shown f `tol 21j, 'inelusive, Athe barrier structure represented aseonibined with the trenclilgut tei' 65'so'as to constitute t Closure theieor. The oppositevsideWalisef thebai-ifier str-ucture are. represented as Cemprisingjtiling i Y. courses ,6.6 'and fbiiilt, up er erected ,upon :the

respeetivefside VWalls 6,8, and) Vof the treneli gutterGl, l` he inenibei's of the tilingeourses shouldeisoi" seats P('(lfoithe reniovabletop @over pieces 71, The 'nienibeis of the. tilin course v66 are formed With suitable. ,transyei'se Openings (2 .through which the overflow-Water will pass intoftheguttei roni the sitting ledge 73. With eaeliopening 72 mayk be associated a suitable tapering mouth 7,4111 narrowing or. tapeiiiigjfini theouter feceof the tiling vto the ,opening -7 2 so, fa sy to gather and direet the overiow; Water for. rapid passag eteE` the by 7the opposing body 'j ooitions 78 Vinto trench, gutter. The members of theoplpos'ite tilingeoursefareformed With similiar open, inge hetlieehlefrged.feeding meths 76j, te provide .for the passage into the trench gutferfefweter dreinnefleel the 110er 7.7i: AS.- best 'illustrated inflig. 2l,` the iiitei'vallylv spaced openings ,anclt' in the respective tiling'coursesg;and 6'(v are out'of alignment se .that wateifiiovving from the sitting ledge gthre'ugh the Openings 72 will, be.y directed trenehgutter and thereby prevent; anyiiowimei "ef Witter., j frem ,the 'ettee' ledge. te the 'Hooi' of the` pool, ln' ,siinileli'1 manner', the

body portions79 Serv@ its for preventtrei'eh gutter 'endg 1100.17-,

In the exeniplilieation shown tIidQ'yatilingeouise in theforni 0f a grat- A ing, indieating'genei'ally by the` numeral 82,r

Weten inte/the t'efaeh'euttee Reinegtt .de wnivaidly. inclined bottoms 89 f and thence' intethe .treiiehfgutter- Thefiilembeie efthge l 'grating' ,eeursesf 82 :enfl 86. ere Lellee. ferite@ with inside shoulders orf seats' .9 2 forfthef' sup.:

reiiiovabl'efeover pifeees 9B; in w eli are E, preferably jafrovided" Central ellen drain shits' Qtlf'; vBy vthis construction, Water fgwingtmisverseiy @vente sitting iedfgee oi' difainingfroin the floor 87 isv directed into theEtieneh gutter and it will be .Observed that in accordance with n n important featurer of 'this .forniot construction there ,is no vstrue- 'tulres erfiH'ei-eetiell, extending ttiweilyittom rroiuidingytlie pooland 'affording an obstacle with A which persone the led-ge on floor i.

Walkingabout 'the' pool 'may come into eontaet,-tofbee0klll injured. ifVitli this.forni.eti`

construction, the concrete retaining Wall 9.5 maybe suitably proteted aga-inst seepage ei Water by' 'layeriof 'Wateiiprooing 9 6; f 11,1 eeeeidenee withthe embedment ef the invention illustrated in Figs. 24 and r25the `closure toifthe trench gutter v9'( comprises.

t ydevine mounted for adjustment o i swiveling movement in suitable eloneavely curved;

bearing @ottiene- 98, endf99,fformel ill' the inernbers -eons'tituting ,theA respective side iv lls' k'1 0 .0 z iindMll; of the trench gutter. l. This blosnre deviCe'isfrepresented as comprising f an elongated structure Vhaving ,a seni'i-eyhntreriehl gutter, extending;'fffminY thefsitting ledge 196 to :thezleer 107.1 In) this 'neetieii 0f uieieithelweter from the ,Sitting ledge end feerebveuely drains through the tiene Versel` exteiidindf fo eni Us 104`andlonen#v i y n.1@u nb L tudinallyl eitend'ngop'enings 105 intothe trenchA gutter-.f turning` this'- Closure "device intothepositi'on shoivninbroken outline in Fig 211, a clear space'is provided between thefstraightportion 103' and the seat 99efor thefpassage of Waiterv f-roiii`tli`e` i oor.into the is LSSQCatedwithvthe Sitting ledge laudvini trenchgutterandinv this position the said neiY eideA Well 84 et thetreuelh gutter 8 5 and straight Vportion 103 becomes u, balile vplate forl engaging the Water and,direetingitinto the 15,1"e11el1`l gutter.'n By this atraiigement the QOlf* 107411,96 be: YWe,Shed? and' cleaned. byf

means @f1-a scrubbing -inepet through theuse Y of; a-hosegor the like without interfering with;

the nornialuS Qfthe poolI or Withthe'persons upon the sitting ledge. i Maniiestly,` by turnthe; direeten f ePnei leeure.. deviceY i iio i i i l I 6 l infame? the centralY position of theelongateddrain opening 105, when the closure device is -adjusted into the position shown in broken outlinein Fig.` 24, the overlow'water passing Vover-the sittingledge will drain through this opening 105 and thence through the transverse openings 10% into the trench gutter.

'It is in place to state here that'thefor'ms of construction shown in `connection with the gutter in Fig; 17,1tlie gutter 85 in Fig. 22' and as well the gutter 97 inFig. 2li, may

be utilized in connection with shallow gute ters as shown, oi' in connection with deep gutf ters of the character illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12J 1Where the gutter is of the shallow type, there may bea series of intervally spaced outlets therefor arranged after the fashion shown in Figs. 18 and 14. `On the other hand, where theV gutter is of the deep type, there may be provided but vone outlet therefor in accordance with the disclosure of Figs. 15 and 16.

Where desired, as shown in Fig. 26, the sitting ledge 108 may becombined witha life rail v109 formed with a suitable fingergrip 110 adapted to be'engaged or gripped by the fingers, when a swimmer is coming out of the pool onto the sitting ledge. 1n Fig. 27, a furtherimodification in this regard is illustrated, the portion 111 dependingfrom the-life rail 112 being suitably offset inwardly of the pool at1'13 and vformed with a finger grip 114 located below the water line of theV pool, for use by swimmers coming outoif` therpool onto the sitting ledge 115. f Y.

It is to be understood that in carrying the invention into eifect, not only the retaining wall structure but alsoany oi'. all of the parts associated therewith,- including the lifelrail and sittingledge, the trench gutters and covers, the barrier or similar structure, floor,

facing and other parts', may be constructed vor prodiiced'out of concrete, or' out of any inaterial whatseever, irrespective of its nature or kind, whether tilingterra cotta., brick,

' concrete orinetal, usable or eapableof being used with advantageous results.v Y y `While several desirable and satisfactory? embodiments of the invention have been dis' closed herein, it will nevertheless be understood that the improved pool constructionis susceptible to still further modifications in the form, construction and relative arrangement of its several parts. Reservation, there fore, is made to the right and privilege ofl adopting all such'legitima'te changes as 'may be fairly embodied within the spirit scope of the invention as claimed.

.IclaimL l r 1. A swimming pool construction comprising a brim consisting of an overflow life rail 111.61 sitting ledge, a trenchgutter for receiv= ing the water from the sitting ledge, and clo-` sure ymeans for the gutter lhaving openings and therein for the passage of the waterintosaid gutter. Y

2. A. swimming pool construction compris- Y ingra .brim consisting'of an'overfiow life rail and sitting ledge, atrench gutter lfor receiving the water from the sitting ledge, and elo# sure means `for the gutter' having openings therein for the passage vof the water into said gutter, said closure means including a removable cover.

3. yA. swimming pool construction com prising a brim consist-ing of an overfiow life rail and sitting ledge, a trench 'gutterjfor receiving the Water from the sitting ledge, and closure means for the gutter, consisting of supporting walls and coverv pieces yheld in 4 place thereby, said cover pieces having open# ings therein for the passage ofthe water into toreceivewater therefrom, closure means for the gutter having openings therein for the passage of the water into said gutter, a retaining walljstructure supporting the aforesaid'parts, and a waterproofing layer interposed'between the retaining wall structure kand the aforesaidV parts.

'6. Afswiniming pool constructioncomprising a brim consisting ofan overflow life rail and sitting ledge, a trench gutter for receiving the water from the sitting ledge, and a st ructure which rises :higher than the crest of thelife rail extending along the outer side of theV trench gutter and constituting an outer brim for the pool.

7. `A` swimming pool construction comprising a brim consisting of an overflow life rail and sitting. ledge, a trench gutter spaced from the margin of the pool for receiving ovcrow water, a structure which rises higher than the crest'of, the life rail extending along the outer side of the trench gutter and constituting an outer brimffor the pool, and removable perforated drainage units arranged to form a cover for the trench gutter and constituting part of the sitting ledge.

8. A swimming pool construction comprising,` in combination, al retaining wall structure with facing brick for the pool, an overiiow life rail'and sitting ledge mounted on the facing and retaining Wall, a trench gutter eX- tending inwardly into the retaining wall in a plane spaced from the plane of the facing brick, to receivethe overflow water from the sitting ledge, a structure which rises higher ido - the outer side-` of the trench gutter,and a wa-` mamar.; s L

than the crest of the life rail extending 'along terprooing layer onlthe outer surface of the retaining wall to protect the latter from leale Vage through the aforesaid. parts associated therewith. Y Y k Y 9. A swimming pool construction compris- Y ing, in combination, aretaining wall structurewith kfacing brick for the pool, an over-- flow life `rail and sitting ledge mounted on the facing brick and-1 retaining wall, favtrench" gutter 'extending inwardly into the retaining wall in a plane spaced from the plane of the facing brick, to receive the overliow froin'the'` sitting ledge, a barrier which rises higher f than theci'est vof the life rail extending alongv the outer side of the trench gutter, waterproofing arranged to protect-:ther retaining retaining gwall from leakage through the aforesaid 2G parts associated therewith, said facing brick,

life rail and sittingledge forming an ,en-V4 closed pocket with the retaining wall, 'andy said waterproofing arranged to protect'the all from the contents of the pocket'. j 4 f 10. A swimming pool construction com-vy prising-an overflowlife rail coping andsit-V ting ledffe, a trenchgutter space-d fro'mthe margin of the pool' in` relation to the sitting ledge, a barrier which rises higher than. the

crest of the life rail coping extendingalong' the outer side of the trench gutter with its top in plan with the floor of the pool, said barrier affordingmeans for directing into, the

prising, in combination, a retainingfwall, a

gutter, overflow water rfrom the sitting ledge and as well the water received from thefloor of the pool. 1

11. A rswimming pool construction coniflooigan overow life rail and sitting ledge, a

trench gutter spaced from the margin of the n pool in relation to the sitting ledgeV and ex` tending downwardly into the retaining wall, a barrier which rises higher than the Ycrest of the life rail extending along the outer side ofl the gutter with its top in plan with the floor, said barrier affording means for direetinginto the gutter, overflow `water from the 'sitting ledge and las well the water re- 'Y ceived from the floor, and a layer of waterproofing separating theA retaining wall from ythe aforesaid parts fory the protectionof the retaining wall.'`

12. .'In aswimining poolconstruction,v embodying a `retaining `wall and facing means therefor terminating below the water line,

andcoping course lunits joining the facing' means below the water lineV and joiningVV the retaining wall backfrom the margin of the pool, said `units forming with -the f facing means and retaining wall'an enclosed pocket in whichsealingair'may' be compressed by seepage Water entering the pocket.

13. In a swimming pool construction, em-

bodyingfa retainingfwallfand facingVV brick Vhigher than'the crest ofthe sitting ledgeto i for, coinbiiiedilifefiaillaridsitting/l'edge fr units' oiningy the; facingl brickbelow the' wm te'r'z-liney `joinirnglthe iretainingiwalll back from the-margin ofthe pool," saidunits; form-s ing with the facing brick and retainingswall' an`{enc l`osed IIpoqketin which sealing air? may pofcketg''andj-`Y` af waterproof lining" on the re-v taining `wal-1 within 'said kpocket and extend. iiigf between f the facing` brick' 'and' reta' In 'aswimmiiiglfpool construction, ein;

.befcoinpressed by seepage-water entering the bOClynga retaining -wallfandfp'ool yfacing i meanstherefor, laV trench gutter in the retain'- ing wall spaced from themarginv of the pool.' life' 'rail and sitting ledge units ljoining .the

,facing-'means below the water line andforml ingfa unionwith the inner wall ofthe-g-uti terfrcmo'vable k perforatedfcover units'for'the gutter, said sitting ledge constituting means .for directing' QYrQW setlength/Water @Htc thepsever .uni-ts tasses 1 .te .he gutters 16. Inafswiinmingpool'construction, em-V bodyingfa retaining wall andpoolfacing-l means thereforfa trench gutter in the .re-

A,taining wall spacedfrom the margin' o f `the pool, llife rail Vand sitting ledge units Joining ai)Y the .facing meansbelo'w the `water line and o gutter, Athe outer `wall kof thev gutter` being higher than the crestof the sitting ledge to direct overiow water into the gutter.y

17. In'a swimming pool construction,em bodying` a retaining wall and .pool facing means'therefor, a trench gutter in the retaining wall spaced from the margin of the` pool, life rail and sitting ledge units oiuing the facing means below the Water line and forming a union with the inner'wall ofthe gutter, the outer wall of the gutter being direct overflow water into the gutter, and p removable cover unitsforthe gutteig'p'erfo- Y forming a Yunion withjthe inner wallofithe il rated to permit the V(wertlow water to pass into` thegutter.

18.1'In a swimming. pool constructionjem- Vbodyin'gj.a V.retaining wallha-Ving therein `trench spaced from the margin` of the pooh,

tainingbwall andfformingfthe brim of the a'oollsaid co in coursecom arisin liferaii J and sitting ledge unitsarrangedV` to direct overflow water'laterally of the pool'and into said trench. n f Y 19. Inaswimming pool construction, em-

bodyinga retaining Wallk having therein a and a coping-course associated with the rea. v

trench spacedfrom the-margin of the pool, a coping course associated. with the retaining Wall and forming `the brimiof the pool,said copingvcourse comprising life rail andsit- 5 ting ledge units arranged to direct overiiow Waterlaterally of the pool into said trench, the outer Wall of said trenchrising higher: than, the crest ofzthe life rail and constituting an outer brim for the'pool, and removn ,1 ableperforatedcover units forV the 4trench constituting a part of the sitting ledge and permitting passage of the overflow Water intothe trench. e, v l

20. In a swimming pool construction, em- 15 bodying a retaining Wall having therein inner and outer trenchesvspjaced from the margin of the pool, life rail. and sitting ledge units forming the brim' of the pool and arranged to direct overiiow Water into the in- 'no ner trench, barrier units constituting an outer brim for the pool arranged between said trenches, the outer trench arranged to yreceive the drainage from the floor of the Y pool, bottom outlets for each of said trenches 25 and removable perforated cover unitsseated between the deining Walls of each of saidv trenches." Y

s In testimony that We claim the Vforegoing as `our invention We have signed our names r3;; hereto. Y

JOHN FRANCIS BOORAEM. f ROBERT MORRIS SUTPHEN. 

